16 Warning Signs to Watch for When Renting or Buying a Home if You Have Chronic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (CIRS)

When you’re living with Chronic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (CIRS), finding a safe home isn’t just a preference — it’s essential to your healing journey, especially when adhering to the Shoemaker Protocol. If the very place that should offer you comfort is hiding environmental dangers, it can turn your sanctuary into a health hazard and compromise your path to recovery.

Avoidance is the most important thing you can do to ensure your recovery when you have CIRS. So when it comes time to rent or buy a new home, it’s important to know how to assess whether it will help or harm your health. Working with an Indoor Environmental Professional (IEP) who specializes in identifying hidden dangers and conducting recommended testing is the best approach. When that’s not possible, we’ve created a checklist to help you identify potential warning signs on your own.

The 16 warning signs we’ve outlined in this blog will empower you to make an informed decision so that your home serves as a refuge, not a source of stress. With this guide, you can assess potential homes and ensure your environment is as safe and supportive as possible. With mold and other biotoxin-related illnesses, a safe environment directly impacts your ability to manage symptoms and sustain progress. So let’s explore these 16 warning signs every person with CIRS should watch for when choosing a new place to live.

What is Chronic Inflammatory Response Syndrome?

Chronic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (CIRS) is a complex, multi-symptom, multi-system illness triggered by exposure to harmful biotoxins. A common misconception is that CIRS is just a mold illness. But it involves a wide range of contaminants produced by organisms such as molds, actinomycetes, fungal fragments, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and more. These biotoxins are often found in water-damaged buildings (WDBs) but can also come from other sources like contaminated water, certain types of fish, and tick bites.

In WDBs, a dangerous mixture of toxic particles can create a biochemical cloud that poses serious health risks. When these toxins are inhaled, ingested, or absorbed, they can trigger the body's innate immune system. With continued exposure, they can cause a persistent inflammatory response, especially in individuals who are genetically susceptible. This chronic inflammatory response can manifest as fatigue, cognitive issues, respiratory problems, and many more debilitating symptoms.

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Who Gets CIRS?

Not everyone exposed to these biotoxins develops CIRS. Certain individuals are more susceptible due to genetic factors, particularly specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DR haplotypes. For those with these genetic markers, the immune system may fail to recognize and eliminate the biotoxins, leading to continuous activation of the immune system and dysregulation of inflammation.

However, genetic predisposition is not the only factor. CIRS can also develop in individuals without these specific genetic markers, though they may require different diagnostic and treatment approaches. The severity and persistence of CIRS symptoms can vary widely among those affected.

The Importance of Recognizing and Avoiding Biotoxin Exposure

Exposure to biotoxins is a necessary condition for a CIRS diagnosis. Understanding and identifying potential sources of exposure, especially in environments like WDBs, is crucial for preventing and/or managing CIRS. Shoemaker-certified physicians and other specialists use specific biomarkers, including genetic testing, to diagnose and guide the treatment of CIRS. By avoiding known sources of biotoxins and seeking early diagnosis and treatment, individuals with CIRS can significantly improve their health and quality of life. And, yes, eventually fully recover.

With that said, your home, work, and school environments play a critical role in either supporting or hindering your health when managing CIRS. So, it’s essential to take proactive steps to ensure these environments are free from mold, pollutants, and other harmful substances. Regular assessments and mitigations can help create a safe space that supports your treatment plan as well as limits the fear and anxiety of re-exposure.

Hidden Dangers: Ensuring Your Home Supports Your Health

One of the most challenging aspects of managing CIRS is that the environmental triggers — especially those from water-damaged buildings — are not always visible. Biotoxins can lurk in both old homes and new builds alike, often hidden behind walls, under floors, or in poorly ventilated spaces. Even a seemingly pristine home can harbor mold, bacteria, or volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that can seriously compromise your health.

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Given the insidious nature of these threats, it's essential to be vigilant when evaluating a potential new home. By recognizing key warning signs, you can better protect yourself from hidden risks and ensure your living environment supports your journey to recovery. So, here are 16 warning signs to watch for as you begin your hunt for a new home:

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Exterior Signs of Water Damage: According to the EPA, up to 85% of homes in the United States have experienced water damage at some point. This makes it critical to check the exterior of a house before stepping inside. Look for these common signs that water has compromised the structure:

Stains or discoloration on the siding or foundation
Warped or sagging roof lines
Gutters and downspouts that are misaligned or not directing water away from the house
Pooling water around the foundation due to improper grading
Cracks or peeling paint on exterior walls

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Roof Condition: The condition of a home’s roof is critical for protecting the interior from water damage, which can lead to mold growth and other environmental hazards. An average roof lasts about 30 years, depending on the materials used and the quality of installation. However, poor maintenance or minor issues like missing shingles can significantly reduce this lifespan, leading to potential leaks and water damage. For individuals with CIRS, these issues can create an unhealthy living environment that exacerbates symptoms. When evaluating a home, be sure to thoroughly inspect the roof for the following signs:

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Missing or damaged shingles, which can allow water to penetrate the roof, leading to leaks and mold growth
Sagging areas on the roof, which may indicate water pooling and underlying structural damage
Signs of recent repairs, such as mismatched shingles or newer-looking areas, which could suggest past leaks
Presence of moss or algae, which can retain moisture and deteriorate roofing materials, leading to leaks
Gutters and downspouts that are properly attached and free from debris to prevent water from backing up onto the roof

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Windows and Doors: Windows and doors are critical areas where moisture and air quality issues can arise, especially if they are not properly sealed or maintained. Poorly sealed windows and doors can allow water to seep in, leading to mold growth and compromising the overall integrity of the home. Consider the following aspects of windows and doors:

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Cracks or gaps around window frames or door jambs that can allow water or drafts to enter
Condensation on the inside of windows, which can indicate high indoor humidity levels or poor insulation
Signs of water damage or mold around window sills or door frames, suggesting past or ongoing moisture issues
Windows that are difficult to open or close, which may indicate swelling from moisture exposure
Single-pane windows that lack proper insulation, leading to temperature fluctuations and potential condensation

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Plumbing Integrity: Household leaks can be more than just a nuisance — they can create a damp environment conducive to mold growth. Household leaks can waste nearly 10,000 gallons of water every year, with 10% of homes having leaks that waste 90 gallons or more per day. For those managing chronic health conditions, these leaks can exacerbate environmental hazards within the home. When touring a home, be sure to check for the following signs of potential plumbing issues:

Water stains or discoloration under sinks, around toilets, or near water heaters, indicating past or current leaks
Low water pressure, which could suggest hidden leaks or issues with the plumbing system
Corroded pipes or fixtures, which may be prone to leaking or bursting
Evidence of recent plumbing repairs or temporary fixes that may not have addressed the underlying issue
Damp or musty smells in areas where plumbing is present, which could indicate moisture buildup

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Basement and Foundation Inspection: Around 98% of homes with basements will experience some form of water damage during their lifespan. Given their high susceptibility to moisture, it’s often best to avoid homes with basements altogether. However, if you must have a basement, a thorough inspection is crucial to uncover hidden issues, including:

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Damp or musty odors, indicating moisture presence
Visible cracks in the foundation, particularly horizontal ones
White powdery substance (efflorescence) on walls, a sign of water seepage
Standing water or excessive humidity levels
Evidence of previous water damage or hasty repairs

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Mold and Mildew Presence: Mold can start growing within 24-48 hours after water exposure, making it a significant concern in any home. When inspecting a potential home, it's crucial to thoroughly check for any signs of mold or mildew, as their presence can indicate ongoing or past moisture problems. Be sure to inspect these areas carefully:

Visible mold or mildew patches on walls, ceilings, or around windows
Peeling or bubbling paint or wallpaper, which may signal trapped moisture
Musty odors in rooms, particularly in bathrooms and kitchens
Mold growth around leaky pipes, windows, or under sinks
Dark or discolored grout and caulking in bathrooms

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Indoor Air Quality: Americans spend about 90% of their time indoors, where air quality can be up to five times more polluted than outdoor air. If you have CIRS, you may feel like a canary in a mine shaft — highly sensitive to contaminants that others might not notice. Poor indoor air quality can significantly exacerbate symptoms, so it’s crucial to be vigilant when evaluating a potential home. Consider these signs that might indicate poor indoor air quality:

Chemical-like smells from paint, carpets, or building materials
Recently renovated areas without proper ventilation
Presence of air purifiers or dehumidifiers, indicating past air quality issues
Stale air or lack of ventilation, particularly in basements and attics
Condensation on windows or walls, a sign of high humidity

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Ventilation Systems: Proper ventilation is crucial for maintaining a healthy indoor environment, as it helps to control moisture levels and prevent the buildup of harmful pollutants. Inadequate ventilation can lead to the accumulation of mold, VOCs, and other irritants that compromise air quality. When evaluating a home, pay attention to the following indicators of ventilation issues:

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Inadequate bathroom and kitchen vents that fail to properly vent air outside
Condensation on windows or walls, which can indicate high humidity levels
Stale or musty odors, suggesting a lack of fresh air exchange
Blocked or dirty air vents that may obstruct proper airflow throughout the home
Poor attic ventilation, which can lead to moisture buildup and potential mold growth

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Flooring Materials: The type of flooring in a home can significantly impact indoor air quality and moisture management, both of which are critical considerations for individuals with CIRS. Carpeting, for example, is notorious for trapping dust, mold spores, and other allergens, which can exacerbate symptoms. Hard flooring options, such as tile, hardwood, or luxury vinyl, are generally better choices for maintaining a healthier environment. When evaluating a home, consider the following aspects of the flooring:

Carpeting in high-moisture areas like basements or bathrooms, which can trap moisture and lead to mold growth
Old or worn carpets that may harbor dust, mold spores, and other allergens, even with regular cleaning
Gaps or cracks in hardwood or tile flooring that can allow moisture to seep in and cause hidden mold growth underneath
Water damage or warping in any flooring material, indicating past or ongoing moisture issues
Proper installation and sealing of tile and hardwood floors to prevent water intrusion and ensure easy cleaning

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Insulation and Air Sealing: Proper insulation and air sealing are essential for maintaining a healthy and energy-efficient home environment. Effective insulation helps regulate indoor temperatures, control humidity levels, and prevent the infiltration of outdoor pollutants and moisture. Poor insulation and inadequate air sealing can lead to condensation, mold growth, and increased indoor air contaminants, all of which can exacerbate CIRS symptoms. Consider the following aspects of insulation and air sealing:

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Type and condition of insulation in walls, attics, and crawl spaces which affects thermal performance and moisture control
Signs of insufficient insulation such as uneven temperatures in different rooms or unusually high energy bills
Proper air sealing around windows, doors, and other openings to prevent drafts and moisture intrusion
Presence of vapor barriers in areas prone to moisture like basements and attics to control humidity levels
Inspection of attic and basement insulation for signs of mold, pests, or moisture damage

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HVAC System Maintenance: While ventilation systems were just covered, the overall maintenance and condition of the HVAC system play a critical role in indoor air quality and moisture control. A well-maintained HVAC system ensures efficient operation, reduces the risk of mold growth within ductwork, and provides adequate ventilation to remove pollutants from the indoor environment. When evaluating a home, consider the following aspects of HVAC system maintenance:

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Regular replacement of air filters to prevent dust and mold accumulation
Inspection of ductwork for leaks or blockages that can impede airflow and harbor contaminants
Presence of a maintenance log or records showing regular servicing and upkeep of the HVAC system
Condition of the air handler and other HVAC components for signs of wear, mold, or moisture damage
Proper sizing and installation of the HVAC system to ensure it meets the home's heating and cooling needs without overworking

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Signs of Previous Repairs: Repairing water damage can be costly, with the average repair bill in the U.S. around $1,300 and $5,600 but potentially reaching $10,000 or more. In an effort to save money, some homeowners may opt to handle repairs themselves, which could result in inadequate fixes that mask underlying problems. For individuals with CIRS, it’s essential to identify these quick fixes to avoid environments that could trigger symptoms. Look for these indicators of previous water damage or hasty repairs:

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Freshly painted areas that may cover up damage
New flooring or drywall in one specific area of the house
Mismatched building materials or finishes
Visible patches or repairs on ceilings and walls
Recently replaced appliances or fixtures without a clear reason

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Unexplained Health Issues in Previous Residents: If you’re considering a home where previous residents have reported unexplained health issues, it could be a red flag. While this might not always be disclosed, any history of frequent doctor visits, unexplained illnesses, or even mysterious deaths among former occupants should prompt further investigation. Look for signs like:

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Frequent turnover of tenants, which may suggest undisclosed health issues
Conversations with neighbors who might be aware of any health problems among previous residents
Disclosures in the property’s history that might indicate past environmental issues
Requests for air quality or mold testing results from the property owner
Any evidence or reports of past legal action related to the health of former occupants

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Electrical System Condition: While the electrical system might not seem directly related to CIRS, faulty wiring or outdated systems can contribute to poor indoor air quality through overheating, which can exacerbate environmental stressors. Overheating outlets and switches can lead to the release of harmful particles and increase the risk of fire. In 2022, there were an estimated 26,100 residential building fires caused by electrical malfunctions, highlighting the importance of a well-maintained system. When evaluating a home, consider the following signs of potential electrical issues:

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Flickering or dimming lights, which may indicate overloaded circuits or faulty wiring
Warm or discolored outlets or switches, which can signal overheating or poor connections
Frequent circuit breaker trips, suggesting the system may be overloaded or have a fault
Outdated wiring, such as knob-and-tube or aluminum, which may not meet current safety standards
Lack of Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs) in areas with water sources, such as kitchens and bathrooms

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Environmental Testing and Certifications: In addition to visual inspections, environmental testing and certifications can provide valuable insights into the home's air quality and safety. Professional assessments, such as ERMI (Environmental Relative Moldiness Index) and HERTSMI (Health Effects Roster of Type Specific Mold Infections), are particularly crucial for individuals with CIRS, as they can identify hidden mold issues that are not immediately apparent. These tests help ensure that the home meets health and safety standards essential for those sensitive to environmental toxins. When evaluating a home, consider the following aspects of environmental testing and certifications:

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Presence of recent ERMI or HERTSMI test results to verify the absence of harmful mold and ensure the home is safe for CIRS patients
Certification from recognized organizations such as LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) or WELL Building Standard, indicating a commitment to healthy building practices
Radon testing results to ensure levels are within safe limits, as radon is a radioactive gas that can impact respiratory health
Inspection for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from building materials, furnishings, and household products
Documentation of any remediation efforts taken to address past environmental issues, ensuring that problems have been effectively resolved

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Proximity to Environmental Hazards: The location of a home is just as crucial as the home’s internal environment, especially for those with CIRS. Proximity to industrial areas, highways, or other pollution sources can introduce harmful contaminants into the home, exacerbating symptoms and undermining the safety of the indoor environment. When evaluating a home, consider the following aspects related to environmental hazards:

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Distance from major highways or busy roads, as these areas can have higher levels of air pollution, including particulate matter and exhaust fumes
Proximity to industrial facilities such as factories, refineries, or landfills, which may emit pollutants that can affect air and water quality
Nearby agricultural areas where pesticides and herbicides are commonly used, potentially leading to chemical drift into residential areas
History of natural disasters such as flooding or wildfires, which can lead to contamination of the soil and air with harmful particulates and toxins
Presence of nearby waste treatment plants or landfills, which could emit odors and potentially harmful gases, impacting air quality

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Conclusion: Trust Your Instincts

When it comes to Chronic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (CIRS), your body’s reactions can be your most reliable guide. Experiencing symptoms like blurry vision, ice-pick pains, or dizziness during or after touring a home can be a strong indication of underlying issues such as biotoxins or poor air quality. While 85% of buildings have experienced water damage in the past, 45% are currently dealing with ongoing leaks and 34% have active leaks in occupied spaces, which can lead to serious health risks.

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As you search for a new home, use this checklist to help identify potential hazards, but remember that your well-being is the top priority. If a property triggers your symptoms, it’s a sign that it may not be the safe haven you need. A supportive living environment is crucial for managing CIRS, and finding the right home can significantly impact your journey to recovery.

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REFERENCES

https://www.epa.gov/watersense/fix-leak-week

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16 Warning Signs to Watch for When Renting or Buying a Home if You Have Chronic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (CIRS)